Assessment of Correlation between Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) and Feto-maternal Outcomes of In-term Pregnancies

Background: Amniotic fluid plays a crucial role in providing basic life support to the fetus. This clear, slightly yellowish liquid that surrounds the fetus is helpful in the development of fetal systems by providing thermally controlled and a non-restricted sterile environment for fetal growth. During labour, amniotic fluid helps in providing an adequate cushion for umbilical cord. It is this mechanical function of the cushion which aids in preventing compression of cord in-between fetus and uterine wall during uterine contractions and fetal movements. Therefore, helps to prevent fetal distress. It protects fetus from any kind of injury and helps in preventing infection by its bacteriostatic properties. This study aims to estimate the effect of decreased amniotic fluid index (AFI) on maternal and fetal outcomes in term pregnancy.

Materials and Methods: This will be a Prospective cross sectional observational study conducted in OBGY dept. of AVBRH, Wardha. Pregnant women will be enrolled and divided into 3 groups as per Amniotic Fluid Index. Group A with low amniotic fluid index (AFI< 5 cm) Group B with borderline amniotic fluid index (AFI>5cm and <8cm)and Group C with normal amniotic fluid index (AFI 8cm-24cm). Data will be collected, analysed and compared between the groups in terms of the ultrasonographic findings and feto-maternal outcomes of in term pregnancy.

Expected Results: Significant correlation is expected between AFI and feto-maternal outcomes.

Conclusion: Unexpected adverse outcomes can be minimized by estimation of AFI and timely antepartum treatment in mothers with decreased AFI.