Phospholipase A2 Inhibition and Antiinflammatory Activity of F4 Fraction of Total Ethereal Leaf Extract of Annona senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae)

Annona senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae) is a plant which is used in african traditional medicine for
the treatment of various diseases. This study aimed to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory
activity of total ethereal leaf extract fractions of A. senegalensis. Compounds of methanolic fractions
of ethereal leaf extract of A. senegalensis were separated by gel sephadex chromatography, in five
fractions (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5). Experiments were performed in acetic acid-induced contortions in mice,
carrageenan rat paw edema and phospholipase A2 inhibitory test. The methanolic fraction of total
ethereal leaf extract (10 mg/kg, per os) significantly prevented the carrageenan inflammatory edema.
The variation of edema is 22.313.35%, 49.6613.50%, 52.1010.02% respectively at T1h, T3h and
T5h. The increased edema after oral administration of F4 fraction administered at 300 μg/kg and 1
mg/kg per os is respectively 52.777.36% and 33.816.94%. The variation of edema in
betamethasone group (1 mg/kg, per os) is 23.463.99%. F4 fraction at 300 μg/kg, significantly
inhibited 16.39% of phospholipase A2 enzyme activity. F4 fraction (300 μg/kg, per os) also
significantly prevented acetic acid-induced pain in mice. The number of abdominal contortions is 21
versus 72 in control group. F4 fraction compounds have a powerful analgesic and anti-inflammatory
activity that involves phospholipase A2 inhibition, comparable to betamethasone profile on pain and
inflammation.