Isolated Pulmonary Valve Endocarditis on an Undiagnosed Congenital Heart Disease in a Young Adult: A Rare Clinical Entity

Background: Isolated pulmonary valve endocarditis (PVE) is a rare condition that accounts for 1.5–2% of all reported cases of endocarditis. Herein, we describe a rare case of isolated pulmonary valve endocarditis with a fortuitous discover of a congenital heart disease in a young adult subject. Unlike other cases of right sided endocarditis, we treated our patient both medically and surgically.

Case Presentation: The patient was diagnosed with an isolated pulmonary valve endocarditis after blood cultures confirming the presence of Abiotrophia defectiva, a germ difficult to cultivate whilst the echocardiographic revealed a vegetation mass measuring 8mm long alongside with the discovery of a severe pulmonary valve stenosis and a large atrial septal defect (ASD) of 39mm wide. Septic pulmonary emboli were the first clinical manifestation in our patient. Both medical and surgical treatment was indicated based on dual antibiotics, removal of the vegetation, valvulotomy and closure of the ASD.

Conclusion: Both medical and early surgery therapy should be considered in patient with right sided endocarditis associated with congenital heart disease for better clinical outcome.