The Association of Interleukin 1 Beta in Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis – A Systematic Review

Background: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a chronic ulcerative disease with a complex aetiology and a strong immunological basis. The prototypical pro-inflammatory cytokine is interleukin-1 (IL-1). IL-1alpha and IL-1beta are the two subtypes of IL-1. The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta is a key mediator of inflammation which affects cell proliferation and differentiation.

Aim: To systematically review the association of Interleukin 1 beta with the recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

Methods: A comprehensive search was done using electronic data bases such as PubMed Central, Google Scholar and direct web search. The title scan was used to find relevant articles, which were then read and appraised for inclusion. This review analysed all research that investigated the use of IL1 beta with RAS.

Results: Electronic database search identified 31 articles. After evaluating the title, abstract, and full text of these articles, only 2 were selected for the present systematic review. A final of 2 studies were included based on the inclusion criteria to meet the research question.

Conclusion: This current study shows that IL1 beta is not a significant reliable indication of RAS. The association of IL1 beta and RAS varies due to a variety of confounding variables.